There is scant evidence of research and development activities happening before or after afforestation in the Aralkum desert in the literature, beyond the publications cited above. The largest number of studies on NbS application originated from China. Overall, the literature reviewed suggests an enormous potential of wetland restoration with multiple benefits summarized in Table 1. High niche diversity refers to the presence of multiple traits in the same or different species, which is a characteristic of ecosystems with a high biodiversity. o innate immune system Take the Clean Earth Challenge and help make the planet a happier, healthier place. Across the continental United States, private land makes up almost 70 percent of areas with important concentrations of unprotected imperiled species, the researchers found. It provides us with an array of foods and materials, and it contributes to the economy. Wetlands in the Aral Sea basin are reported to be unstable in terms of their hydrological regimes and are highly dependent on the water inflow, which in turn defines their salinity levels and ability to support native biodiversity (Schlter, et al., 2013). While Earths biodiversity is so rich that many species have yet to be discovered, many species are being threatened with extinction due to human activities, putting the Earths magnificent biodiversity at risk. Sources https://doi.org/10.1111/sum.12790, Agency of the International Fund for Saving the Aral Sea. speech and language skills? . Marine ecosystems are habitats like. https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.4065, Yushanjiang A, Zhang F, Leong Tan M (2021) Spatial-temporal characteristics of ecosystem health in Central Asia. Endemic speciesspecies that are only found in one particular locationare also found in hotspots. Every time a species goes extinct or genetic diversity is lost, we will never know whether research would have given us a new vaccine or drug. All these have led to increased levels of soil and water salinity, as well as to the reduction of the water table of desert pastures in the Aral Sea basin (Toderich, et al., 2013b). The audio, illustrations, photos, and videos are credited beneath the media asset, except for promotional images, which generally link to another page that contains the media credit. Note: Green areas reflect federal, state and local biodiversity protections. Review of Nature-based Solutions in Dryland Ecosystems: the - Springer Based on the focussed case study literature review we conducted, we now focus on discussing four of the above-mentioned major nature-based solutions, which are relevant to the Uzbek part of the Aral Sea region. This would in turn mean increased vulnerability to droughts, decreased water availability, reduced crop yields and increased disease transmission (e.g., malaria) (Huang, Yu, Dai, Wei, & Kang, 2017), (UNCCD, 2017).